Preparation and Application of Polymeric Molecularly Imprinted Adsorbents in Accordance with the Principles of Green Chemistry

Abstract

Molecularly imprinting technology is a suitable tool for the development of selective materials for the isolation and separation of substances, and targeted use. The aim of this paper was to compile an overview of current trends in the preparation of MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymers). We focused on the implementation of ecologically acceptable solutions in the procedures for the fabrication and application of MIP, mainly for the purposes of chemical analyses. Theoretical approaches and simulations for the selection of optimal components of the polymerization mixture, the application of ultrasonic and microwave light in MIP synthesis, as well as microextraction procedures for the preparation of complex samples for analysis are successfully applied in analytical methods based on MIP adsorbents. While the use of low transition temperature mixtures (deep eutectic solvents, ionic liquids) and biomass components as a replacement or modification of porogens, functional and cross-linking monomers or other components of the polymerization mixture can help to transform the polymerization processes into more environment-friendly ones, it still requires an investigation of the synthesis mechanisms and their influence on the properties of the prepared MIPs.